Which statement best describes major global routes for heroin and cocaine trafficking?

• A. Heroin flows from production regions to Europe and other markets; cocaine flows from Andean regions to the U.S. and Europe via maritime routes and overland corridors.
• B. All illicit drugs originate and remain within domestic borders.
• C. Trafficking occurs exclusively via air transport to major cities.
• D. There are no distinct regional production areas for these drugs.

Answer: (D)

Global routes for heroin and cocaine trafficking reflect where these drugs are produced and how smugglers move them internationally. Heroin is largely produced in Afghanistan (with production also in parts of Southeast Asia) and is routed to Europe and other markets through a mix of overland corridors and maritime networks. Cocaine comes primarily from the Andean region (Colombia, Peru, Bolivia) and is carried to the United States and Europe via sea routes and overland paths, including routes through the Caribbean and Mexico. This pattern shows distinct regional production areas and major transit channels, unlike statements that claim drugs stay within borders, move only by air, or have no regional production zones.