Which modality uses tangible rewards to reinforce abstinence or treatment engagement?

• A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
• B. Motivational interviewing
• C. Contingency management
• D. Medication-assisted treatment

Answer: (C)

Contingency management uses tangible rewards to reinforce abstinence or treatment engagement. It relies on operant conditioning: when a person shows abstinence (verified by tests) or participates in treatment, they receive immediate, concrete incentives like vouchers or prizes. This direct, external reinforcement strengthens the desired behaviors by making abstinence and consistent treatment attendance more likely in the short term. Other approaches work differently: cognitive-behavioral therapy builds coping skills and strategies without material rewards; motivational interviewing focuses on enhancing intrinsic motivation rather than offering incentives; and medication-assisted treatment uses prescribed medications to reduce withdrawal and cravings, with any behavioral work added but not reward-based reinforcement.