The belief that individuals abuse alcohol because they choose to use this drug is referred to as the _________.

• A. Moral model
• B. Disease model
• C. Deviant model
• D. Social learning model

Answer: (A)

This question tests the moral model of addiction, which treats alcohol abuse as a matter of personal choice and moral failing. It holds that individuals consciously decide to drink or to continue drinking, and that willpower and responsibility are the key factors. This view emphasizes accountability and often carries stigma, but it ignores biological factors and social influences that can contribute to drinking. In contrast, the disease model sees addiction as a medical condition with brain changes and possible genetic influences, while the social learning model focuses on learned behaviors from environment and reinforcement. The moral model is the best fit for the description that abuse is the result of a chosen behavior.